ENGR 2301
Vector Mechanics I: Statics
Summer 2024
Instructor: Dr. Saad Eways

1 Class and Contact Information

2 Course Information
Course Description: Calculus-based study of the composition and resolution of forces.
Vector algebra, force systems, free body diagrams; equilibrium of particles, rigid bodies
and structures; centroids, distributed loads, friction and moment of inertia.
Credit: 3 credit hours.
Prerequisites:
• Engineering Physics I (PHYS 2425) or equivalent.
• Credit or concurrent enrollment in Calculus III (MATH 2415). Based on this, I will
assume that the student has previous knowledge of vectors, vector addition, the scalar
product and the vector product. The student who is well prepared for this class should know how to do all the problems given on the first  day of class.
By the second day of class, all students must present documentation showing they have satisfied  the prerequisites.

Examples of documentation: 1) recent grade report, 2) transcript.
If you do not have the prerequisites or you can not produce documentation, you should withdraw from the course or you will be withdrawn.

3. Course Rationale/Objectives

•   Standard calculus-based engineering statics course intended for engineering majors.
• This course is intended to develop the student skills in solving 2-D and 3-D static equilibrium problems for particles, rigid bodies and structures.
•   The emphasis will be on 2-D and 3-D rigid body equilibrium, analysis of trusses, frames and beams.

4. Instructional Methodology

(a) This course combines lecture, discussion, and problem solving.

(b) Student attendance is mandatory during scheduled class sessions. The class meets TTh 8:25 - 10:20 AM. You will be given a 10-minute break.

(c) I will introduce the basic ideas quickly and most of the class time will be spent in class discussions and problem solving sessions in which the student will be

an active participant. This is a problem solving class.

5. Textbook: Vector Mechanics for Engineers: Statics, 12th edition, by F. P. Beer, E. R. Johnston Jr., and D. F. Mazurek.

6. Subject Matter: In this course we will cover chapters 2 through 9. We will omit some sections in these chapters and I will point them out as we go. Chapter 1 is an

introduction and will be reviewed quickly.

The Grading System:

The distribution of grades is as follows:

8. Important Note:

•   The time requirement for this class is about 22 hours a week. This much time is needed to study the material, do the homework and prepare yourself for the exams.
•  You need to make sure this much time is available in your schedule. If your other obligations do not allow you to spend the necessary time on this course, I

strongly urge you to drop it and take it another semester when you are not so busy with other responsibilities.

•   The time you spend studying and doing homework is the single most important factor in determining how well you do in this class.

3 Student Technology Support

Austin Community College provides free, secure drive-up Wi-Fi to students and employees in the parking lots of all campus locations. Wi-Fi can be accessed seven days a

week, 7 am to 11 pm. Additional details are available under ’Internet Access’ at https: //www.austincc.edu/sts. Students who do not have the necessary technology to

complete their ACC courses can request to borrow devices from Student Technology Services. Available devices include iPads, webcams, headsets, calculators, etc. Students

must be registered for a credit course, Adult Education, or Continuing Education course to be eligible. For more information, including how to request a device, visit http:

//www.austincc.edu/sts. Student Technology Services offers phone, live-chat, and email-based technical support for students and can provide support on topics such

as password resets, accessing or using Blackboard or other LMS named here, access to technology, etc. To view hours of operation and ways to request support,

4 Copyrighted Material

All class materials provided on ACC web pages, electronic reserves, on disk, and in printed form are copyrighted and may not be reproduced without the written consent of the copyright holder. Reproduction means photocopying, scanning, copying downloaded files, or posting any of these on a server (web site).

7 Course Policies

1. Attendance/Class Participation:

•   Regular and punctual class attendance is expected of all students. The class meets TTh 7:50 - 10:40 AM. You will be given a 10-minute break.
•   I will call roll and record attendance regularly. If you are absent 4 consecutive class days, you will be withdrawn.
•   Also I will ask you to do class activities and solve problems which will be due right at the end of class. NO MAKE-UP FOR CLASS ACTIVITIES.

2. Homework Policy:

• Homework is assigned as shown in the homework schedule (page 8) and is administered by the online McGraw Hill Connect Homework System.
• Go to connect.mheducation.com. Find your course: ENGR 2301 Spring 2023 and enroll. There is help here to show you how to register:

https://www.mheducation.com/highered/support/connect/first-day-of-class/ia-blackboard.html

3. Class Activities will consist mostly of problem solving done in class. No make - ups for missed class activities.

4. Exam Policy:

•   The exams will consist of problem solving like the homework and are given on the scheduled dates (see homework and exam schedule).
•   The final exam is a cumulative exam and will be given on the last day of the semester.

5. Missed Exam Policy:

• No exam make-ups will be given without proper documentation of the absence, such as doctor’s note, which should state clearly that the student

was physically unable to attend class on that day.

• Simply put you need to have a very very good and documented reason.
• When a make-up exam is given, it is not the same exam given to the class.

6. Withdrawal Policy:

• This is the responsibility of the student. The instructor does, however, reserve the right to drop a student should he or she feel it is necessary.
• If a student decides to withdraw, he or she should also verify that the withdrawal is recorded before the Final Withdrawal Date.
• The final withdrawal day is Monday 7/22.
• State law permits students to withdraw from no more than six courses during their entire undergraduate career at Texas public colleges and universities. With certain exceptions, all course withdrawals automatically count towards this limit. Details regarding this policy can be found in the ACC college catalog.

7. Student Discipline:

• Students enrolled in this course are expected to comply with the provisions of this syllabus and the Student Standards of Conduct. With the exception

of scholastic dishonesty, violations of the Student Standards of Conduct will be reported to the Campus Dean of Student Services for disciplinary action.

• Any student suspected of scholastic dishonesty will meet in private with the professor to discuss the alleged offense(s) and review the evidence that supports the charge.
• After conferring with the student, the professor will dismiss the allegation or assess an academic penalty. A student will be informed in writing if an academic penalty is assessed. He or she should consult the Student Handbook for his/her rights and responsibilities.

8. General Course Policy: This is a challenging engineering course for serious engineering students. You will need all of the 22 hours per week studying, solving

problems, studying again and preparing for the exams.

8 Policy on Incompletes:

A grade of incomplete should be reserved only for extreme cases meeting the following criteria.

1. The student has had a documented life event beyond their control that will prevent them from completing the semester on time.

2. The student is in good standing (Grade of C or better at the time of the life event from (a).

3. The student has completed most of the material in the course. Before assigning a grade of incomplete, the instructor and the student must agree to a plan

of action that includes a specific list of tasks to be completed by the student with a timeline of completion. This plan needs to be approved by the department chair (or designee).

Incompletes must be resolved before the final withdrawal date of the following semester. Students may request an Incomplete from their faculty member if they believe circumstances warrant. The faculty member will determine whether the Incomplete is appropriate

to award or not. The following processes must be followed when awarding a student an I grade.

1. Prior to the end of the semester in which the I is to be awarded, the student must meet with the instructor to determine a plan of action that identifies all of the assignments

and exams that must be completed prior to the deadline date. This meeting can occur virtually or in person. The instructor should complete the Report of Incomplete

Grade form with the plan of action and send it to the department chair (or designee) to be approved.

2. Once approved, the faculty member will complete the form, including all requirements to complete the course and the due date, sign (by typing in name) and then

email it to the student. The student will then complete his/her section, sign (by typing in name), and return the completed form to the faculty member to complete the

agreement. A copy of the fully completed form can then be emailed by the faculty

member to the student and the department chair for each grade of Incomplete that the faculty member submits at the end of the semester.

3. The student must complete all remaining work by the date specified on the form above. This date is determined by the instructor in collaboration with the student, but

it may not be later than the final withdrawal deadline in the subsequent long semester.

4. Students will retain access to the course Blackboard or other LMS named here through the subsequent semester in order to submit work and complete the course. Students will be able to log on to Blackboard or other LMS named here and have access to

the course section materials, assignments, and grades from the course and semester in which the Incomplete was awarded.

5. When the student completes the required work by the Incomplete deadline, the instructor

will submit an electronic Grade Change Form to change the students performance grade from an I to the earned grade of A, B, C, D, or F.

If an Incomplete is not resolved by the deadline, the grade automatically converts to an F.

Approval to carry an Incomplete for longer than the following semester or session deadline is not frequently granted.

General Course Policy: This is a challenging engineering course for serious engineering

students. You will need all of the 22 hours per week studying, solving problems, studying again and preparing for the exams.

ENGR 2301

Vector Mechanics: Statics

Important Note on Homework

1. Homework is due at the beginning of class on the due date.

2. Working problems is the single most important way to learn Statics and the best way to prepare yourself for the exams. The solution of engineering problems should

follow the standard method followed in the textbook examples and also used in the classroom. This is the engineering method of problem solving. In this method, a

free-body-diagram is drawn showing all the forces acting on the object. There may be more than one of these required for the solution of a certain problem. Then the basic

idea of the problem is expressed in an equation like the sum of the forces is zero or the sum of the moments is zero. Then an answer is found after some algebraic

manipulation. I expect this standard method to be used in the solution of homework problems. I also expect your solution to be neat, organized and logically systematic.

When I grade the homework, I look for the following items:

1. Diagram or diagrams showing axes, forces, moments, directions, components, resultants,etc.

2. FBD of the object under consideration. This diagram will show all the forces and moments acting on the object.

3. Equations expressing static equilibrium of the object under consideration.

4. Solutions must contain all steps leading to the final answer.

5. Intermediate and final answers must be accompanied by the appropriate units and rounded off to the appropriate number of significant figures. Please see chapter (1)

for a discussion of systems of units, unit conversions, problem solution method and numerical accuracy.

6. If a problem has several parts such as (a), (b) and (c), your solution should have corresponding parts clearly labeled (a), (b) and (c).

7. Your homework should be clean, clear and easily readable and well organized such that I am able to read, understand and assign the proper grade. If I can’t read it, I can’t grade it. Problems which do not follow the above method and do not contain the elements stated

above will not be graded and will earn zero credit. Important note on homework concerning plagiarism (copying)

1. The solution of homework problems should be the result of your own work. Homework copied from another student, from a solution manual or from internet websites

will not be graded and you will get a zero.

2. If your homework solution ”looks a lot like the solution manual”, you are copying from the solution manual and you will get zero for that homework. This is

plagiarism. It is against my rules, the Department rules and the College rules. You risk being reported to the Dean of Students and risk being withdrawn from this course.

Please consult the College Catalog for the College’s Rules on Scholastic Dishonesty.

3. More importantly, to pass this course, a student must do well on the exams. Do the homework to learn the subject and give yourself a chance to do well on the exams.

Not doing so, you take this chance away.

ENGR 2301
Engineering Mechanics I: Statics
Steps to Success in this Course

The time you spend studying and doing homework is the single most important factor in determining how well you do in this class.
The following plan, if followed, will improve your chance of succeeding in this course.
The time requirement for this course is on average about 22 hours per week outside the
classroom. Here are some suggestions on how it should be divided.
1. Form a study group.
2. Study ahead.You know the schedule, so study the subject before coming to class.
This is a quick study to gain familiarity with the subject. Write down the three basic
concepts. About 3 hours.
3. Divide the chapter in two halves.
4. Study the first half and do half of the homework problems of the first set. You should
also study the solved sample problems. They are quite helpful. Note each chapter
has two sets of homework problems. On your own with little help from others, you
should be able to do 80% of these problems. If you are not able to do that, then
your study was not good enough. Which sections are you having difficulties with?
Go back and study these sections. If you are having difficulty with a problem from
section 3 for example, go back and study section 3 and try to see if there is a solved
sample problem from that section. This study should be done first half of the week.
About 8 hours.
5. Study second half of the chapter and do what you did for the first half. This should be done second half of the week. About 10 hours.
6. List the three main ideas of the chapter. Do you have a good understanding of these
ideas? Summarize each in a short paragraph, include FBD’s, and basic equations.
7. Write down the questions and the problems you had difficulty with and bring them
up in class or come see me during office hours. Discuss these questions with your
classmates. One way or another, get your questions answered.
8. Go to the Learning Lab. They have qualified tutors who can help you and answer your questions. www.austincc.edu/tutor.
9. Come to class on a regular basis, listen, ask questions and participate.
10. Take all the exams.
11. DO NOT COPY FROM THE SOLUTIONS MANUAL. IT IS THE ANTI-LEARNING

ENGR 2301
Vector Mechanics I: Statics
 Summer  2024
Instructor: Dr. S. Eways

Textbook: Vector Mechanics for Engineers: Statics, 12th edition, by F. P. Beer, E. R. John-ston Jr., and D. F. Mazurek.
Subject Matter: In this course we will cover chapters 2 through 9. We will omit some sections in these chapters and I will point them out as we go. Chapter 1 is an introduction
and will be reviewed quickly.

Important Note: The time requirement for this class is about 22 hours a week. This
much time is needed to study the material, do the homework and prepare yourself for the
exams. You need to make sure this much time is available in your schedule. If your other
obligations do not allow you to spend the necessary time on this course, I strongly urge you
to drop it and take it another semester when you are not so busy with other responsibilities.
The time you spend studying and doing homework is the single most important factor in
determining how well you do in this class.

Homework and Exam Schedule

ENGR 2301
Vector Mechanics: Statics
Important Note on Homework

1. Homework is due at the beginning of class on the due date.
2. Working problems is the single most important way to learn the basic ideas in this course and the best way to prepare yourself for the exams.

The solution of engineering problems should follow the standard method followed in the textbook examples
and also used in the classroom. This is the engineering method of problem solving. In this method, a free-body-diagram is drawn showing all the forces acting on the
object. There may be more than one of these required for the solution of a certain problem. Then the basic idea of the problem is expressed in an equation like the sum
of the forces is zero or the sum of the moments is zero. Then an answer is found after some algebraic manipulation. I expect this standard method to be used in the
solution of homework problems. I also expect your solution to be neat, organized and logically systematic.

When I grade the homework, I look for the following items:
1. Diagram or diagrams showing axes, forces, moments, directions, components, resultants, etc.
2. FBD of the object under consideration. This diagram will show all the forces and moments acting on the object.
3. Equations expressing static equilibrium of the object under consideration.
4. Solutions must contain all steps leading to the final answer.
5. Intermediate and final  answers must be accompanied by the appropriate units and rounded off to the appropriate number of significant  figures. Please see chapter (1)
for a discussion of systems of units, unit conversions, problem solution method and numerical accuracy.
6. If a problem has several parts such as (a), (b) and (c), your solution should have corresponding parts clearly labeled (a), (b) and (c).
7. Your homework should be clean, clear and easily readable and well organized such that I am able to read, understand and assign the proper grade. If I can’t read it, I
can’t grade it. Problems which do not follow the above method and do not contain the elements stated above will not be graded and will earn zero credit.
Important note on homework:
1. The solution of homework problems should be the result of your own work. Home-
work copied from another student, from a solution manual or from internet websites
will not be graded and you will get a zero.
2. If your homework solution "looks a lot like the solution manual" you are copying from

the solution manual and you will get zero for that homework. This is plagiarism. It is

against the rules of this course, the rules of the Department and the rules of the College.

You will be reported to the Dean of Students and risk being withdrawn from this course.

Consult the College Catalog for the College's rules on Scholastic Dischonesty.
3. More importantly, to pass this course, a student must do well on the exams. Do the
homework to learn the subject and give yourself a chance to do well on the exams. Not doing so, you take this chance away.
4. Scholastic dishonesty is against the rules of this course, against the rules of the Department and the College.

ENGR 2301
Vector Mechanics I
Instructor: Dr. S. Eways
These problems are intended as extra practice. Generally the homework does not give you
enough practice to master the concepts and become proficient at solving problems to the
point where you can do very well on the exams. The student is encouraged to do as many
of these problems as needed to master the concepts. These problems are not to be turned in.
CHAPTER PRACTICE PROBLEMS
Chapter 2:  6, 8, 15, 19, 24, 26, 28, 29, 35, 44, 46, 53, 57, 60, 63, 75, 77, 85, 88,
101, 103, 106, 107, 109, 115, 117, 125
Chapter 3: 1, 2, 5, 6, 7, 11, 14, 21, 22, 25, 37, 40, 41, 48, 52, 53, 75, 84, 87, 93,
94, 98, 101, 106, 109, 115, 125, 147, 148, 151, 158
Chapter 4: 1, 6, 7, 9, 13, 15, 17, 19, 23, 25, 26, 31, 33, 36, 41, 46, 48, 50, 53, 54,
61, 65, 69, 73, 77, 81, 84, 91, 93, 94, 103, 105, 108, 116, 123, 129, 131, 149
Chapter 5: 1, 3, 5, 9, 12, 20, 22, 23, 24, 29, 32, 33, 34, 45, 66, 68, 70, 74, 76,
78, 96, 97, 99, 114, 115, 116, 143, 144
Chapter 6: 2, 4, 5, 11, 13, 14, 15, 17, 21, 27, 29, 30, 44, 45, 49, 53, 59, 65, 77,
79, 80, 85, 87, 90, 93, 103, 109, 124, 127, 129, 131, 136, 139, 145, 147, 157
Chapter 7: 5, 9, 10, 13, 15, 19, 26, 28, 30, 33, 36, 38, 40, 41, 42, 52, 58, 70, 75,
77, 80, 81, 82, 85, 89
Chapter 8: 1, 4, 7, 10, 11, 12, 15, 16, 19, 23, 25, 26, 27, 32, 33, 37, 44, 48, 50,
54, 55, 56, 66, 69, 107, 111, 113, 120, 134, 136, 141
Chapter 9: 3, 16, 31, 34, 37, 39, 44, 52, 53, 135, 142
 

ENGR 2301
Vector Mechanics I: Statics
Summer 2024
Instructor: Dr. S. Eways

Textbook: Vector Mechanics for Engineers: Statics, 12th edition, by F. P. Beer, E. R. John-ston Jr., and D. F. Mazurek.
Subject Matter: In this course we will cover chapters 2 through 9. We will omit some
sections in these chapters and I will point them out as we go. Chapter 1 is an introduction
and will be reviewed quickly.

See Course Subjects for the list of required topics in the textbook which will be covered in this course.

ENGR 2301
Vector Mechanics I: Statics
Instructor: Dr. S. Eways

REQUIRED TOPICS: The following are the required topics from the textbook: Vector Mechanics for Engineers: Statics, 12th ed. by Beer, Johnston and Mazurek.

Chapter 1: Introduction
1.1 What is Mechanics?
1.2 Fundamental Concepts and Principles
1.3 Systems of Units
1.4 Converting between Two Systems of Units
1.5 Method of Solving Problems
1.6 Numerical Accuracy
Chapter 2: Statics of Particles
2.1 Addition of Planar Forces
2.1A Force on a Particle: Resultant of Two Forces
2.1B Vectors
2.1C Addition of Vectors
2.1D Resultant of Several Concurrent Forces
2.1E Resolution of a Force into Components
2.2 Adding Forces by Components
2.2A Rectangular Components of a Force: Unit Vectors
2.2B Addition of Forces by Summing X and Y Components
2.3 Forces and Equilibrium in a Plane
2.3A Equilibrium of a Particle
2.3B Newton’s First Law of Motion
2.3C Problems Involving the Equilibrium of a Particle: Free Body Diagrams
2.4 Adding Forces in Space
2.4A Rectangular Components of a Force in Space
2.4B Force Defined by its Magnitude and Two Points on Its Line of Action
2.4C Addition of Concurrent Forces in Space
2.5 Forces and Equilibrium in Space
Chapter 3: Rigid Bodies: Equivalent Systems of Forces
3.1 Forces and Moments
3.1A External and Internal Forces
3.1B Principle of Transmissibility: Equivalent Forces
3.1C Vector Products
3.1D Rectangular Components of Vector Products
3.1E Moment of a Force about a Point
3.1F Rectangular Components of the Moment of a Foce
3.2 Moment of a Force about an Axis
3.2A Scalar Products
3.2B Mixed Triple Products
3.2C Moment of a Force about a Given Axis
3.3 Couples and Force-Couple Systems
3.3A Moment of a Couple
3.3B Equivalent Couples
3.3C Addition of Couples
3.3D Couple Vectors
3.3E Resolution of a Given Force into a Force at O and a Couple
3.4 Simplifying Systems of Forces
3.4A Reducing a System of Forces to a Force-Couple System
3.4B Equivalent and Equipollent Systems of Forces
3.4C Further Reduction of a System of Forces
3.4D Reduction of a System of Forces to Wrench (Optional)
Chapter 4: Equilibrium of Rigid Bodies
4.1 Equilibrium in Two Dimensions
4.1A Reactions for a Two Dimensional Structure
4.1B Rigid Body Equilibrium in Two Dimensions
4.1C Statically Indeterminate Reactions and Partial Constraints
4.2 Two Special Cases
4.2A Equilibrium of a Two-Force Body
4.2B Equilibrium of a Three-Force Body
4.3 Equilibrium in Three Dimensions
4.3A Rigid Body Equilibrium in Three Dimensions
4.3B Reactions for a Three-Dimensional Structure
Chapter 5: Distributed Forces: Centroids and Centers of Graivty
5.1 Planar Centers of Gravity and Centroids
5.1A Center of Gravity of a Two-Dimensional Body
5.1B Centroids of Areas and Lines
5.1C First Moments of Areas and Lines
5.1D Composite Plates and Wires
5.2 Further Considerations of Centroids
5.2A Determination of Centroids by Integration
5.2B Theorems of Pappus-Guldinus
5.3 Additional Applications of Centroids
5.3A Distributed Loads on Beams
5.3B Forces on Submerged Surfaces
5.4 Centers of Gravity and Centroids of Volumes
5.4A Three-Dimensional Centers of Gravity and Centroids
5.4B Composite Bodies
5.4C Determination of Centroids of Volumes by Integration
Chapter 6: Analysis of Structures
6.1 Analysis of Trusses
6.1A Simples Trusses
6.1B The Method of Joints
6.1C Joints Under Special Loading Conditions
6.1D Space Trusses (Optional)
6.2 Other Truss Analyses
6.2A The Method of Sections
6.2B Trusses Made of Several Simple Trusses
6.3 Frames
6.3A Analysis of a Frame
6.3B Frames That Collapse Without Supports
6.4 Machines
Chapter 7: Internal Forces and Moments
7.1 Internal Forces in Members
7.2 Beams
7.2A Various Types of Loading and Support
7.2B Shear and Bending Moment in a Beam
7.2C Shear and Bending-Moment Diagrams
7.3 Relations among Load, Shear and Bending Moment
Chapter 8: Friction
8.1 The Laws of Friction
8.1A Coefficients of Friction
8.1B Angles of Friction
8.1C Problems Involving Dry Friction
8.2 Wedges and Screws
8.2A Wedges
8.2B Square-Threaded Screws
8.4 Belt Friction
Chapter 9: Distributed Forces: Moments of Inertia
9.1 Moments of Inertia of Areas
9.1A Second Moment, or Moment of Inertia, of an Area
9.1B Determining the Moment of Inertia of an Area by Integration
9.1C Polar Moment of Inertia
9.1D Radius of Gyration of an Area
9.2 Parallel-Axis Theorem and Composite Areas
9.2A The Parallel Axis Theorem
9.2B Moments of Inertia of Composite Areas
9.5 Mass Moments of Inertia
9.5A Moment of Inertia of a Simple Mass
9.5B Parallel-Axis Theorem for Mass Moments of Inertia
9.5C Moments of Inertia of Thin Plates
9.5D Determining the Moment of Inertia of a Three-Dimensional Body by Integration
9.5E Moments of Inertia of Composite Bodies

ENGR 2301
Vector Mechanics I: Statics
Instructor: Dr. S. Eways

Student Learning Outcomes

Upon successful completion of this course, students will be able to:

1. State the fundamental principles used in the study of mechanics.

2. Define magnitude and direction of forces and moments and identify associated scalar and vector products.

3. Draw free body diagrams for two- and three-dimensional force systems.

4. Solve problems using the equations of static equilibrium.

5. Compute the moment of force about a specified point or line.

6. Replace a system of forces by an equivalent simplified system.

7. Analyze the forces and couples acting on a variety of objects.

8. Determine unknown forces and couples acting on objects in equilibrium.

9. Analyze simple trusses using the method of joints or the method of sections.

10. Determine the location of the centroid and the center of mass for a system of discrete particles and for objects of arbitrary shape.

11. Analyze structures with a distributed load.

12. Calculate moments of inertia for lines, areas, and volumes.

13. Apply the parallel axis theorem to compute moments of inertia for composite regions.

14. Solve problems involving equilibrium of rigid bodies subjected to a system of forces and moments that include friction.

15. Solve problems involving dry sliding friction, including problems with wedges and belts.

9 General Education Competencies

Upon completion of this course, students will demonstrate competence in:

1. Communication Skills Develop, interpret, and express ideas and information through written, oral and visual communication that is adapted to purpose, structure, audience, and medium.

2. Critical Thinking Skills Gather, analyze, synthesize, evaluate and apply information for the purposes of innovation, inquiry, and creative thinking.

3. Empirical and Quantitative Skills Apply mathematical, logical and scientific principles and methods through the manipulation and analysis of numerical data or observable

facts resulting in informed conclusions.

4. Teamwork Consider different points of view to work collaboratively and effectively in pursuit of a shared purpose or goal.